在焦化生產過程中，會產生大量的副產煤氣，焦化發電機組正是利用這些煤氣進行發電的設備，既能實現能源的回收利用，又能為生產提供電力支持，在節能減排和資源循環利用中發揮著重要作用。根據燃料特性、機組結構及應用場景的不同，焦化發電機組可分為多個類型，各自具備獨特的性能和適用范圍。

　　In the coking production process, a large amount of by-product gas is generated. Coking power generation units are the equipment that uses this gas for power generation. They can not only achieve energy recovery and utilization, but also provide power support for production, playing an important role in energy conservation, emission reduction, and resource recycling. According to different fuel characteristics, unit structures, and application scenarios, coking power generation units can be divided into multiple types, each with unique performance and applicability.

　　燃氣內燃機發電機組是焦化行業中較為常見的一種。它以焦化產生的煤氣為燃料，通過內燃機的燃燒過程將化學能轉化為機械能，再由發電機將機械能轉化為電能。這類機組的優勢在于啟動速度快，能在短時間內達到額定發電功率，對于焦化廠內需要快速響應的用電需求較為適用。同時，其對煤氣的凈化要求相對較低，即使煤氣中含有少量雜質，經過簡單過濾處理后即可使用，適應性較強。此外，燃氣內燃機發電機組的熱效率較高，通常能達到 35% - 40%，能有效將煤氣中的能量轉化為電能，減少能源浪費。不過，其單機容量相對較小，一般在數百千瓦到數兆瓦之間，更適合中小型焦化廠或作為輔助電源使用。

　　Gas internal combustion engine generator set is a common type in the coking industry. It uses coal gas produced by coking as fuel, converts chemical energy into mechanical energy through the combustion process of an internal combustion engine, and then converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through a generator. The advantage of this type of unit is its fast start-up speed, which can reach the rated power generation in a short period of time. It is more suitable for the electricity demand that needs to be quickly responded to in coking plants. At the same time, its requirements for gas purification are relatively low. Even if the gas contains a small amount of impurities, it can be used after simple filtration treatment and has strong adaptability. In addition, the thermal efficiency of gas internal combustion engine generator sets is relatively high, usually reaching 35% -40%, which can effectively convert the energy in gas into electrical energy and reduce energy waste. However, its single unit capacity is relatively small, generally ranging from several hundred kilowatts to several megawatts, making it more suitable for small and medium-sized coking plants or as an auxiliary power source.

　　燃氣輪機發電機組在大型焦化企業中應用較多。它通過燃氣輪機直接驅動發電機發電，工作時，焦化煤氣與空氣混合后在燃燒室燃燒，產生高溫高壓氣體推動燃氣輪機旋轉，進而帶動發電機運轉。與燃氣內燃機發電機組相比，燃氣輪機發電機組的單機容量更大，可達到數十兆瓦，能滿足大型焦化廠的高用電需求。其運行速度快，負荷調節能力強，能根據電網負荷的變化快速調整發電量，保障電力系統的穩定。但燃氣輪機對煤氣的純度和壓力要求較高，需要對煤氣進行深度凈化處理，去除其中的硫化物、焦油等雜質，否則容易造成輪機葉片磨損或堵塞，影響機組的使用壽命和運行效率。

　　Gas turbine generator sets are widely used in large coking enterprises. It directly drives the generator to generate electricity through a gas turbine. During operation, coking gas is mixed with air and burned in the combustion chamber, producing high-temperature and high-pressure gas to drive the gas turbine to rotate, thereby driving the generator to operate. Compared with gas internal combustion engine generator sets, gas turbine generator sets have a larger single unit capacity, reaching tens of megawatts, which can meet the high electricity demand of large coking plants. It has fast operating speed and strong load regulation capability, and can quickly adjust the power generation according to changes in grid load, ensuring the stability of the power system. However, gas turbines require high purity and pressure of the gas, and require deep purification treatment of the gas to remove impurities such as sulfides and tar. Otherwise, it is easy to cause wear or blockage of the turbine blades, affecting the service life and operating efficiency of the unit.

　　蒸汽輪機發電機組則是通過間接利用焦化煤氣的能量進行發電。首先，將焦化煤氣在鍋爐中燃燒，產生高溫高壓蒸汽，然后利用蒸汽推動蒸汽輪機旋轉，帶動發電機發電。這種機組的優勢在于能源利用形式靈活，除了利用焦化煤氣，還可結合焦化生產中的余熱資源，如焦炭冷卻過程中產生的熱量，提高整體能源利用效率。蒸汽輪機發電機組的單機容量也較大，且運行穩定、可靠性高，適合作為焦化廠的主力發電機組。不過，其啟動過程較慢，從啟動到達到額定功率往往需要數小時，難以應對突發的用電高峰，且系統結構相對復雜，需要鍋爐、蒸汽管道等輔助設備，占地面積較大，建設和維護成本也相對較高。

　　Steam turbine generator sets generate electricity indirectly by utilizing the energy of coking gas. Firstly, coking gas is burned in a boiler to produce high-temperature and high-pressure steam, which is then used to drive the steam turbine to rotate and generate electricity for the generator. The advantage of this type of unit lies in its flexible energy utilization. In addition to utilizing coking gas, it can also combine waste heat resources from coking production, such as the heat generated during coke cooling, to improve overall energy utilization efficiency. The single unit capacity of steam turbine generator set is also relatively large, and it operates stably and has high reliability, making it suitable as the main generator set for coking plants. However, its start-up process is slow, often taking several hours from start-up to reaching rated power, making it difficult to cope with sudden power peaks. The system structure is relatively complex, requiring auxiliary equipment such as boilers and steam pipelines, occupying a large area, and the construction and maintenance costs are also relatively high.

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